Knanaya
Community has special customs in connection with their marriage.
The wedding ceremonies stress that marriage is not just a
sacrament and contact between the man and the woman, but an
entering into a contract and a relationship between the families
of the bride and bridegroom.
Kaipidutham–
This is an initial agreement and engagement in which are involved
not only the spouses, but also their parental relatives. Betrothal
itself is called Kaipidutham which is indicative of the clasping
of hands by the paternal uncles of both the fiancé
and of the fiancée in the presence of the priest celebrant
in the church. The idea is that paternal uncles take up the
responsibility to arrange for the marriage according to the
agreement made at that time. It is to respect the responsible
elders and to stress the idea of the entering into the family
relationship. It means that not just the father but also all
the close relatives of the couple are earnestly and whole
heatedly involved in the new relationship.
Mylanchi Ideel
- On the eve of the marriage there is a ceremony at the home
of the bride in which the bride’s palm of the hand,
feet and the nails are smeared with a special yellow ointment
called Mailanchi. The ointment is made up of the leaves of
henna plant. The Knanaya bride comes to the Pandal accompanied
by her elder sister and she is seated in front of her grandmother,
who smears mailanchi on her palms and feet. The main purpose
of this function is to beautify the girl, the song which accompanies
the ceremony gives, a biblical meaning to it. This signifies
since Eve plucked the forbidden fruit with her hands, the
palms are smeared. With her legs she approached the forbidden
fruit to eat it, her feet are smeared. This ceremony of purification
of palms and feet reminds us the original sin committed by
the first couples, Adam and Eve.
Chantham Charthal
– On the eve of the marriage, the groom’s face
is ceremoniously shaved by the barber in the pandal in the
presence of the assembled. It is called Chantham Charthal
which means beautifying. The barber asks formal permission
from the assembly reminding them of their protective rights
over seventeen castes, a privilege granted by King Cheraman
Perumal. “I ask the gentlemen here who are protectors
of 17 castes: May I shave the bridegroom? He has to ask this
three times. After getting the consent of the assembled the
barber shaves the groom’s face and takes him out to
apply oil on his head and give him bath. All the time, the
assembly goes on singing the ancient songs related to this
ceremony. After this ceremony the boy will called bridegroom.
Ichappad Kodukkal
– Once the groom re-enters the pandal after bath, his
sister brings Ichappad (white rice pudding and jiggery) and
an elder in his father’s line will, after having obtained
permission from assembly give him Ichappad three times. This
is a symbol of sumptuous and sweet life.
Minnu -
The main symbol of marriage for Christians is the tying of
Thali by the bridegroom around the neck of the bride. Thali
is a small gold medal with a sign of the cross embossed on
it for Christians. Knanaya Thali will have 21 small buds embossed
in the form of a cross, and so it distinguishes from Thalies
of other Christians and non-Christians. Using of a thread
made up of seven yarns taken from the bridal veil, for the
tying of thali.
Nada Vili
– This is one of the privileges granted to the Knanaya
Christians by the King Cheraman Perumal. According to the
tradition, the bride and groom will ride on the elephant.
Playing of various musical instruments like Pancha Vadhyam,
and drums, special silken umbrellas (Thazha Kuda); various
types of cheering like Kurava and Nada Vili etc. makes the
wedding procession a solemn event. Nada Nada Nada given to
the bride and bridegroom while going home from the church
after the marriage.
Nellum Neerum
- At the entering into the marriage pandal, prepared in front
of the house, the mother of the bridegroom solemnly welcomes
the newly wedded. The sister of the bridegroom holds a lighted
brass lamp in one hand and a bowl in the other. The bowl contains
water, paddy and palm leaf pieces, which are symbolic of purification
and fertility. The mother makes the sign of the cross three
times on the forehead of the newlywed couple with a wet piece
of palm leaf (blessed on Palm Sunday) taken from the bowl
held by the groom’s sister.
Vazhu Pidutham
- In the pandal, the mother of the bride asks and obtains
permission from the assembly to give a blessing to the couple.
Then standing in front of the couple, she places her arms
crosswise, right palm on the head of the bridegroom and left
palm on the head of bride, seated to his left. At this time
the ladies sing: “I give my benediction to you, so that
you, your husband and your children may live long life....”.
The rite of giving God's blessing to bride and groom by the
mother/maternal aunt/elder sister of bride by placing her
hands in the form of a cross on their heads.
Paallum Pazhavum
– Milk with sliced fruits is brought to the couple in
a cup and they both drink from the same. In the context, milk
is symbolic of purity and the fruits symbolic of sacrificial
offering.
Kacha Thazhukal
– After the blessing the bride’s mother, maternal
grandmother, and maternal uncle give the Thazhukal. The ceremony
consists of a symbolic embrace, touching with hands below
the thighs, giving assurance of continued support and protection
by the elders to the newly wed people. It is also a ceremony
using a new piece of cloth given to bride's relatives as a
gift by the groom's party (Usually to bride's mother, grandmother,
and maternal uncle/aunt). |